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Horace Lucian Arnold (June 25, 1837 - January 25, 1915〔(Editorial comment ) in: ''Industrial management; the engineering magazine.'' c.1 v.48 1914/15. p. 889〕) was an American engineer, inventor, engineering journalist and early American writer on management, who wrote about shop management, cost accounting, and other specific management techniques.〔Yates, JoAnne. "Evolving information use in firms, 1850-1920: ideology and information techniques and technologies." (1992).〕 He also wrote under the names Hugh Dolnar, John Randol,〔Jenks, Leland H. "Early phases of the management movement." Administrative Science Quarterly (1960): 421-447.〕 and Henry Roland. With Henry R. Towne, Henry Metcalfe, Emile Garcke, John Tregoning and Slater Lewis he is known as early systematizer of management of the late 19th century.〔JoAnne Yates (1993) ''Control Through Communication: The Rise of System in American Management.'' p 12〕 == Biography == Born in New York, Arnold grew up in Lafayette, Walworth County, Wisconsin. Here Arnold started his career working in machine shops. For twelve years he was journeyman machinist in western river and lake engine shops. Subsequently he was superintendent at the Ottawa Machine Shop and Foundry; department foreman at the E. W. Bliss Company; superintendent at the Stiles & Parker Press Company of Norman C. Stiles; and designer for the Pratt and Whitney Company in Hartford, Connecticut.〔''(Engineering Magazine ),'' Vol. 11 (1896), p. 1228〕〔Joseph August Litterer (1986). ''The emergence of systematic management as shown by the literature of management from 1870-1900.'' p. 250〕 In those days Arnold had also started inventing new tools. In 1858 he had patented his first invention, a marble saw.〔(Patents US20981 ) for a stone-sawing machine, patented July 27, 1858.〕〔Robert Messenger. "(On This Day in Typewriter History (CXIII); september 10 )," at oztypewriter.blogspot.nl, 13 Sept. 2011〕 In the next ten years Arnold moved to worked at places from Ottawa, Illinois; Grand Rapids, Michigan; Middletown, Connecticut; eventually to Brooklyn, New York, where he would stay. He continued to research and invented a range of products from "metal cutters to recorders, book binding, book stitching and book covering machines, mixers, letter locks..., piston water meters and water motors, knitting machines, 'explosive' and internal combustion engines and combustion generators, and clutches."〔 Late 1880s Arnold started his own typewriter company.〔 In the 1890s he started as a technical journalist for journals such as the ''Engineering Magazine'', the ''Automobile Trade Journal,'' and the ''American Machinist.''. He wrote his articles using different pen names of which Henry Roland and Hugh Dolnar were the best known.〔Hounshell, David A. (1984), ''From the American System to Mass Production, 1800-1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States''. p. 91〕〔Yehouda A. Shenhav (2002). ''Manufacturing Rationality: The Engineering Foundations of the Managerial Revolution''. Oxford University Press. p. 221〕 Arnold also wrote at least three books published by the Engineering Magazine Press in New York. Arnold died of pneumonia in Detroit on January 25, 1915 at the age of 77.〔〔''Automobile Topics'' Vol. 36 (1914-15). p. 1106〕〔''Business Week''. Part 3. (1966). p. 127〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Horace Lucian Arnold」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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